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Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - Micronesia, Federated States of (2008)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z Micronesia, Federated States of (2008)

 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)Micronesia, Federated States of (2008)
 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)Micronesia, Federated States of
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) 4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap
Age structure 0-14 years: NA%


15-64 years: NA%


65 years and over: NA%
0-14 years: 35.9% (male 19,726/female 19,011)


15-64 years: 61.2% (male 32,891/female 33,071)


65 years and over: 2.9% (male 1,379/female 1,784) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, bananas, cassava (tapioca), sakau (kava), betel nuts, sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens; fish
Airports 5 (2002) 6 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
total: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 3


under 914 m: 3 (2002)
-
Area total: 12,173 sq km


land: 12,173 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands
total: 702 sq km


land: 702 sq km


water: 0 sq km (fresh water only)


note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie)
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Connecticut four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)
Background Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982. In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US, which was amended and renewed in 2004. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid.
Birth rate NA births/1,000 population 24.14 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues: $66.2 million


expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)
revenues: $127.3 million ($69 million less grants)


expenditures: $144.2 million (FY05 est.)
Capital Stanley name: Palikir


geographic coordinates: 6 55 N, 158 09 E


time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage
Coastline 1,288 km 6,112 km
Constitution 3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998 10 May 1979
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia


conventional short form: none


local long form: Federated States of Micronesia


local short form: none


former: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts


abbreviation: FSM
Currency Falkland pound (FKP) -
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 4.66 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $NA $60.8 million (FY05 est.)
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) chief of mission: Ambassador Miriam K. HUGHES


embassy: 101 Upper Pics Road, Kolonia


mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, 96941


telephone: [691] 320-2187


FAX: [691] 320-2186
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU


chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383


FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391


consulate(s) general: Honolulu, Tamuning (Guam)
Disputes - international claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force none
Economic aid - recipient none $106.4 million


note: under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001; the level of aid has been subsequently reduced (2005)
Economy - overview The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost. Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location, a lack of adequate facilities, and limited air connections hinder development. The Amended Compact of Free Association with the US guarantees the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) millions of dollars in annual aid through 2023, and establishes a Trust Fund into which the US and the FSM make annual contributions in order to provide annual payouts to the FSM in perpetuity after 2023. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due not only to the reduction in US assistance but also to the current slow growth of the private sector.
Electricity - consumption 15.19 million kWh (2001) 178.6 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 16.33 million kWh (2001) 192 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m
Environment - current issues overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster overfishing, climate change, pollution
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups British Chuukese 48.8%, Pohnpeian 24.2%, Kosraean 6.2%, Yapese 5.2%, Yap outer islands 4.5%, Asian 1.8%, Polynesian 1.5%, other 6.4%, unknown 1.4% (2000 census)
Exchange rates Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound the US dollar is used
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA)


cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor


elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
chief of state: President Emmanuel MORI (since 11 May 2007); Vice President Alik L. ALIK (11 May 2007) note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Emmanuel MORI (since 11 May 2007); Vice President Alik L. ALIK (11 May 2007)


cabinet: Cabinet includes the vice president and the heads of the eight executive departments


elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators at large for a four-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 11 May 2007 (next to be held May 2011); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed


election results: Emmanuel MORI elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA; Alik L. ALIK elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA
Exports NA (2001) $14 million (f.o.b.) (2004 est.)
Exports - commodities wool, hides, meat fish, garments, bananas, black pepper, sakau (kava), betel nut
Exports - partners Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002) Japan, US, Guam (2006)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March 1 October - 30 September
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern
GDP purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: 28.9%


industry: 15.2%


services: 55.9% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% 0.3% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates 51 45 S, 59 00 W 6 55 N, 158 15 E
Geography - note deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season four major island groups totaling 607 islands
Highways total: 440 km


paved: 50 km


unpaved: 390 km (2002)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs - major consumer of cannabis
Imports NA (2001) $132.7 million f.o.b. (2004)
Imports - commodities fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages
Imports - partners UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002) US, Japan, Hong Kong (2006)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) 3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA%
Industries fish and wool processing; tourism tourism, construction; fish processing, specialized aquaculture; craft items from shell, wood, and pearls
Infant mortality rate total: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
total: 28.15 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 31.08 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 25.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.6% (1998) 2.2% (2005)
International organization participation ICFTU ACP, ADB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IOC, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction Supreme Court
Labor force 1,100 (est.) 37,410 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) agriculture: 0.9%


industry: 34.4%


services: 64.7%


note: two-thirds are government employees (FY05 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)
arable land: 5.71%


permanent crops: 45.71%


other: 48.58% (2005)
Languages English English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi
Legal system English common law based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor


elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout
unicameral Congress (14 seats; 4 - one elected from each state to serve four-year terms and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population to serve two-year terms; members elected by popular vote)


elections: last held 6 March 2007 (next to be held in March 2009)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years
total population: 70.35 years


male: 68.52 years


female: 72.28 years (2007 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 89%


male: 91%


female: 88% (1980 est.)
Location Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia
Map references South America Oceania
Maritime claims continental shelf: 200 NM


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) total: 3 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,560 GRT/2,060 DWT


by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 2 (2007)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK defense is the responsibility of the US
Military branches British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force no regular military forces (2007)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday Liberation Day, 14 June (1982) Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)
Nationality noun: Falkland Islander(s)


adjective: Falkland Island
noun: Micronesian(s)


adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese
Natural hazards strong winds persist throughout the year typhoons (June to December)
Natural resources fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals, phosphate
Net migration rate NA migrant(s)/1,000 population -21.02 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders none; all independents no formal parties
Political pressure groups and leaders none -
Population 2,967 (July 2003 est.) 107,862 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 26.7% (2000)
Population growth rate 2.44% (2003 est.) -0.154% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Stanley


note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988
-
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)
Railways 0 km -
Religions primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%, other 3%
Sex ratio - NA (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries
general assessment: adequate system


domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes), satellite (Intelsat) ground stations, and some coaxial and fiber-optic cable; cellular service available on Kosrae, Pohnpei, and Yap


international: country code - 691; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use NA 12,400 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular NA 14,100 (2005)
Television broadcast stations 2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service)


note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)
3 (cable TV also available) (2004)
Terrain rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk
Total fertility rate NA children born/woman 3.07 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate full employment; labor shortage 22% (2000 est.)
Waterways none -
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